Criminoligy

Summarizing Journal Articles

Article Annotation Procedures: Students are required to annotate (i.e., summarized systematically) four peer reviewed journal articles over the duration of the course. These articles, linked below, supplement the required textbook reading materials. Please review the Course Schedule for information on annotation due dates. Assignments are always due the last day of the week assigned. Students will submit the annotations below.

Annotation Format

At the top of the assignment, please provide the full citation of the article in APA format. For example:

Kane, R., and White, M. (2009). Bad cops: A study of career-ending misconduct among New York City police officers. Criminology & Public Policy, 8, 737-769.

Where:
Kane, R., and White, M. = authors
(2009) = year of publication
Criminology & Public Policy = journal title (in italics)
8 = journal volume number
737-769 = journal page range that contains the article
In summarizing the articles, please report the following:

1. What was studied -- e.g., describe the central purpose of the research; list any research hypotheses. This description should be a couple of paragraphs;
2. Who was studied -- Tell whether it was a sample of people or a group of aggregate places, such as communities. Were the study subjects police officers, burglars, residents of a certain community? This section should take no more than a few sentences;
3. How was it studied - Provide a brief discussion of research methodology here; and I understand that you're not an expert on methods and statistics, but you should be able to at least describe the strategies to me. For example, did the researchers interview people, did they survey people, or did they use official sources of crime, such as the UCR? This information can be found in the methodology section of the article.
4. What was found - Describe the major findings, as well as any ancillary findings that seemed important. Did the authors indicate if their findings supported or didn't support their research hypotheses? If so, you should report this. This section should be a couple of paragraphs in length;
5. Discussion - Write a final paragraph in which you give your impressions of the article, it's relevance, whether the study made sense to you, etc.

Each annotation should be no more than one page (single spaced with headings). I assign the annotations for two reasons: (1) to get students reading the original research published in scientific journals, and (2) to give students experience with objectively reporting research findings using a concise and systematic method. I realize that not all students will have taken research methodology and/or statistics before taking this class. Although I do not expect any methodological or statistical expertise from you, I do expect that students will take the time necessary to read, understand, and report the findings.
Please Note: Unless crucial to your annotation, students are not allowed to use direct quotes when annotating/summarizing studies. On limited occasions direct quotations are necessary because authors sometimes write statements in ways that are very difficult to summarize without quoting them. Under these circumstances, you may directly quote them, making full and proper use of quotation marks and page number(s). Under general circumstances, however, students must not directly quote studies. I impose this rule to encourage students to think about how to summarize in your own words. This method requires students to think about the meaning of the study and its findings far more than simply transcribing direct statements from the article do.

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Articles

Select from the following articles:

• Chambliss (1964) Law of Vegrancy
• Roby (1969) - Politics of Criminal Law
• Elliott & Ageton (1980) - Race-Class Differences in Delinquency Reporting
• Cernkovich et al (1985) - Missing Cases in Chronic Offending Reporting
• Decker (1996) - Deviant Homicides
• Scully & Marolla (1985) - Rapists Describe the Rewards of Rape
• Jacobs & Wright (1999) - Stick-up and Street Culture Motivation
• Wright et al (1995) - Criminal Expertise and Offender Decision Making
• Kane - Structural Deterrence
• Bushway (et al) - Studying Desistance as a Process
• Kane & Cronin - Order Maintenance Policing and Crime
• Integrating Genetic Propensities with Social Control to understand Delinquency - ASR 2008
• Rosenfeld et al - OMP and violent crime in NYC
• Parker et al (2005) - Racial threat, concentrated disadvantage and social control
• Wright et al (1995) - Criminal Expertise and Offender Decision Making
• Roundtree (2007) - Burglary Guardianship
• Hipp (2007) - Neighborhood Structure and Crime
• Hegedorn (1994) - Homeboys and New Jacks
• Green et al - Defended Neighborhoods and Crime
• Test of labeling theory and life chances & adult crime - 2003
• Testing General Theory for Gender Differences
• Jacobs 2004 - Typology of Street Crime Retaliation
• sampson 1997 - collective regulation of behavior
• Kirvo & Peterson - Exteme Disadvantage & Crime